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Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
July 17, 2025

Updated Estimates of Net International Migration
By Evgeniya Duzhak


Border Patrol encounters and releases for the non-Southwest border after July 2022 are based on nationwide encounter data and assume a release rate one-half that at the Southwest border. Source: U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse, and authors’ calculations.


Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse, Syracuse University
Copyright 2025
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