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Asylum seekers are generally protected from being deported to their home countries while their cases are pending, which can take years as immigration courts face massive backlogs. Immigrants can claim asylum on the basis of persecution for nationality, race, religion, political opinion, or membership in a social group. But they must present concrete evidence of their persecution to the federal government. In January 2025, 31.3% of all asylum cases were granted in immigration courts nationwide, according to Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse. That number had plummeted to under 5% as of February 2026, the researchers found.
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