Convictions for January 2025
Referring Agency: Federal Bureau of Investigation
The latest available data from the Justice Department show that during January 2025 the government reported 958 new convictions for these matters. Those cases were referred by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. According to the case-by-case information analyzed by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC), this number is up 38.2 percent over the previous month.
The comparisons of the number of defendants convicted are based on case-by-case information obtained by TRAC under the Freedom of Information Act from the Executive Office for United States Attorneys (see Table 1).
When monthly 2025 convictions of this type are compared with those of the same period in the previous year, the number of convictions was down (-4.5%). Convictions over the past year are still much higher than they were five years ago. Overall, the data show that convictions of this type are up 2.1 percent from levels reported in 2020.
Figure 1. Monthly Trends in Convictions
The leveling out from the levels five years ago in convictions for these matters is shown more clearly in Figure 1. The vertical bars in Figure 1 represent the number of convictions of this type recorded on a month-to-month basis. Where a prosecution was initially filed in U.S. Magistrate Court and then transferred to the U.S. District Court, the magistrate filing date was used since this provides an earlier indicator of actual trends. The superimposed line on the bars plots the six-month moving average so that natural fluctuations are smoothed out. The one and five-year rates of change in Table 1 and in the sections that follow are all based upon this six-month moving average. To view trends year-by-year rather than month-by-month, see TRAC's annual report series for a broader picture.
Cases were classified by prosecutors into more specific types.
The largest number of convictions of these matters in January 2025 was for "Drugs-Organized Crime Task Force", accounting for 18.7 percent of convictions. Convictions were also filed for "Drugs-Drug Trafficking" (13.8%), "Project Safe Childhood" (12.3%), "Weapons-Operation Triggerlock Major" (9.4%), "Withheld by Govt from TRAC (FOIA challen" (6.5%), "Violence-Indian Country" (5.7%), "Violence-Other" (5.4%), "Fraud-Other" (4.4%), "Bank Robbery" (3.3%), "Fraud-Securities" (2.3%), "Fraud-Financial Institution" (2.2%). See Figure 2.
Convictions in U.S. Magistrate Courts
Top Ranked Lead Charges
In January 2025, no defendants in cases for these matters were convicted in U.S. Magistrate Courts. These courts handle less serious misdemeanor cases, including what are called "petty offenses." In addition, complaints are sometimes filed in the magistrate courts before an indictment or information is entered. In these cases, the matter starts in the magistrate courts and later moves to the district court where subsequent proceedings take place.
Convictions in U.S. District Courts
In January 2025, 957 defendants in new cases for these matters were charged in the U.S. District Courts. In addition during January there were an additional 0 defendants whose cases moved from the magistrate courts to the U.S. district courts after an indictment or information was filed. The sections which follow cover both sets of cases and therefore cover all matters filed in district court during January.
Top Ranked Lead Charges
Table 2 shows the top lead charges recorded in the convictions of matters filed in U.S. District Court during January 2025 referred by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Lead Charge Count Rank 1yr ago 5yrs ago 21 USC 841 - Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A 170 1 1 1 More 21 USC 846 - Attempt and conspiracy 111 2 2 2 More 18 USC 922 - Firearms; Unlawful acts 73 3 3 3 More 18 USC 1343 - Fraud by wire, radio, or television 73 3 4 7 More 18 USC 2252 - Material involving sexual exploitation of minors 36 6 7 6 More 18 USC 2113 - Bank robbery and incidental crimes 32 7 6 4 More 18 USC 1951 - Hobbs Act 29 8 5 5 More 18 USC 2252A - Activity relating material constituting/containing chil 25 9 10 8 More 18 USC 1349 - Mail Fraud - Attempt and Conspiracy 23 10 12 10 More Table 2. Top Charges for Convictions
"Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A" (Title 21 U.S.C Section 841) was the most frequent recorded lead charge. "Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A" (Title 21 U.S.C Section 841) was ranked 1 a year ago, while it was ranked 1 five years ago.
Ranked 2nd in frequency was the lead charge "Attempt and conspiracy" under Title 21 U.S.C Section 846. "Attempt and conspiracy" under Title 21 U.S.C Section 846 was ranked 2 a year ago, while it was ranked 2 five years ago.
Ranked 3rd were "Firearms; Unlawful acts" under Title 18 U.S.C Section 922 and "Fraud by wire, radio, or television" under Title 18 U.S.C Section 1343. "Firearms; Unlawful acts" under Title 18 U.S.C Section 922 was ranked 3 a year ago, while it was ranked 3 five years ago."Fraud by wire, radio, or television" under Title 18 U.S.C Section 1343 was ranked 4 a year ago, while it was ranked 7 five years ago.
Among these top ten lead charges, the one showing the greatest increase in convictions — up 22.5 percent — compared to one year ago was Title U.S.C Section that involves "Other US Code Section ". This was the same statute that had the largest increase — 88.8 % — when compared with five years ago.
Again among the top ten lead charges, the one showing the sharpest decline in convictions compared to one year ago — down 32.5 percent — was " Bank robbery and incidental crimes " (Title 18 U.S.C Section 2113 ). This was the same statute that had the largest decrease — 59.2 % — when compared with five years ago.
Top Ranked Judicial Districts
In January 2025 the Justice Department's case-by-case records show that the government obtained 342.9 convictions for every ten million people in the United States.
Understandably, there is great variation in the per capita number of convictions in each of the nation's ninety-four federal judicial districts.
The districts registering the largest number of convictions per capita for these matters last month are shown in Table 3. Districts must have at least 5 convictions to receive a ranking.
Judicial District Percapita Count Rank 1yr ago 5yrs ago Okla, E 2,899 18 1 51 79 More D. C. 2,828 16 2 1 56 More Okla, N 2,166 20 3 42 73 More N Dakota 1,837 12 4 53 73 More W Virg, N 1,814 14 5 81 88 More Wyoming 1,644 8 6 87 82 More Montana 1,377 13 7 20 20 More Ala, S 1,105 8 8 63 44 More N. Y., S 1,091 47 9 7 1 More Mo, E 1,071 26 10 17 25 More Table 3. Top 10 Districts (per ten million people)
The Eastern District of Oklahoma (Muskogee) — with 2899 convictions as compared with 342.9 convictions per ten million population in the United States — was the most active during January 2025.
The District of Washington, D.C. (Washington) ranked 2nd. The District of Washington, D.C. (Washington) was ranked 1 a year ago.
Northern District of Oklahoma (Tulsa) is now ranking 3rd.
Recent entrants to the top 10 list were Eastern District of Missouri (St. Louis), now ranked 10th , and Montana at 7th In the same order, these districts ranked 17th and 20th one year ago and 25th and 20th five years ago.
The federal judicial district which showed the greatest growth in the rate of convictions compared to one year ago — 270 percent — was Northern District of West Virginia (Wheeling). This was the same district that had the largest increase — 1133.3 percent — when compared with five years ago.
In the last year, the judicial District Court recording the largest drop in the rate of convictions — 31.6 percent — was Southern District of Alabama (Mobile). This was the same district that had the largest increase — 50 percent — when compared with five years ago.
Top Ranked District Judges
At any one time, there are about 680 federal District Court judges working in the United States. The judges recorded with the largest number of new crime cases resulting in convictions of this type during January 2025 are shown in Table 4.
Judge Count Rank Stadtmueller, Joseph Peter Wisc, E 14 1 More O'Connor, Reed Charles Texas, N 12 2 More White, Ronald A. Okla, E 10 3 More Dever, James C., III N Car, E 8 4 More Groh, Gina Marie W Virg, N 8 4 More Zainey, Jay C. La, E 7 6 More Vyskocil, Mary Kay N. Y., S 7 6 More Gaughan, Patricia Anne Ohio, N 7 6 More Brann, Matthew William Penn, M 7 6 More Noreika, Maryellen Delaware 6 10 More Boom, Claria Horn Ken, W 6 10 More Baxter, Susan Paradise Penn, W 6 10 More Horan, Marilyn Jean Penn, W 6 10 More Ranjan, J. Nicholas Penn, W 6 10 More Schreier, Karen E. S Dakota 6 10 More Trenga, Anthony John Virg, E 6 10 More Table 4. Top Ten Judges
A total of 3 out of the "top ten" judges were in districts which were in the top ten with the largest number of convictions per capita, while the remaining 13 judges were from other districts. (Because of ties, there were a total of 16 judges in the "top ten" rankings.)
Judge Joseph Peter Stadtmueller in the Eastern District of Wisconsin (Milwaukee) ranked 1st with 14 convicted in convictions.
Judge Reed Charles O'Connor in the Northern District of Texas (Fort Worth) ranked 2nd with 12 convicted in convictions.
Judge Ronald A. White in the Eastern District of Oklahoma (Muskogee) ranked 3rd with 10 convicted in convictions.
Report Generated: March 12, 2025
