Convictions for July 2025
Referring Agency: Federal Bureau of Investigation
The latest available data from the Justice Department show that during July 2025 the government reported 1010 new convictions for these matters. Those cases were referred by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. According to the case-by-case information analyzed by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC), this number is up 16.5 percent over the previous month.
The comparisons of the number of defendants convicted are based on case-by-case information obtained by TRAC under the Freedom of Information Act from the Executive Office for United States Attorneys (see Table 1).
When monthly 2025 convictions of this type are compared with those of the same period in the previous year, the number of convictions was up (6%). Convictions over the past year are still much higher than they were five years ago. Overall, the data show that convictions of this type are up 54.2 percent from levels reported in 2020.
Figure 1. Monthly Trends in Convictions
The increase from the levels five years ago in convictions for these matters is shown more clearly in Figure 1. The vertical bars in Figure 1 represent the number of convictions of this type recorded on a month-to-month basis. Where a prosecution was initially filed in U.S. Magistrate Court and then transferred to the U.S. District Court, the magistrate filing date was used since this provides an earlier indicator of actual trends. The superimposed line on the bars plots the six-month moving average so that natural fluctuations are smoothed out. The one and five-year rates of change in Table 1 and in the sections that follow are all based upon this six-month moving average. To view trends year-by-year rather than month-by-month, see TRAC's annual report series for a broader picture.
Cases were classified by prosecutors into more specific types.
The largest number of convictions of these matters in July 2025 was for "Drugs-Organized Crime Task Force", accounting for 17.5 percent of convictions. Convictions were also filed for "Drugs-Drug Trafficking" (12.5%), "Project Safe Childhood" (11.9%), "Withheld by Govt from TRAC (FOIA challen" (8.1%), "Weapons-Operation Triggerlock Major" (7.8%), "Violence-Other" (6.6%), "Violence-Indian Country" (6.2%), "Fraud-Other" (4%), "Other Criminal Prosecutions" (2.7%), "Bank Robbery" (2.6%). See Figure 2.
Convictions in U.S. Magistrate Courts
Top Ranked Lead Charges
In July 2025, no defendants in cases for these matters were convicted in U.S. Magistrate Courts. These courts handle less serious misdemeanor cases, including what are called "petty offenses." In addition, complaints are sometimes filed in the magistrate courts before an indictment or information is entered. In these cases, the matter starts in the magistrate courts and later moves to the district court where subsequent proceedings take place.
Convictions in U.S. District Courts
In July 2025, 1007 defendants in new cases for these matters were charged in the U.S. District Courts. In addition during July there were an additional 0 defendants whose cases moved from the magistrate courts to the U.S. district courts after an indictment or information was filed. The sections which follow cover both sets of cases and therefore cover all matters filed in district court during July.
Top Ranked Lead Charges
Table 2 shows the top lead charges recorded in the convictions of matters filed in U.S. District Court during July 2025 referred by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Lead Charge Count Rank 1yr ago 5yrs ago 21 USC 841 - Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A 146 1 1 1 More 21 USC 846 - Attempt and conspiracy 114 2 2 2 More 18 USC 1343 - Fraud by wire, radio, or television 77 3 4 5 More 18 USC 922 - Firearms; Unlawful acts 74 4 3 3 More 18 USC 2252 - Material involving sexual exploitation of minors 37 5 5 7 More 18 USC 113 - Assaults within maritime and territorial jurisdictions 33 6 10 8 More 18 USC 1951 - Hobbs Act 29 8 6 6 More 18 USC 2250 - Fail to register as sex offender after traveling interstate commerce 27 9 13 13 More 18 USC 2113 - Bank robbery and incidental crimes 26 10 7 4 More Table 2. Top Charges for Convictions
"Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A" (Title 21 U.S.C Section 841) was the most frequent recorded lead charge. "Drug Abuse Prevention & Control-Prohibited acts A" (Title 21 U.S.C Section 841) was ranked 1 a year ago, while it was ranked 1 five years ago.
Ranked 2nd in frequency was the lead charge "Attempt and conspiracy" under Title 21 U.S.C Section 846. "Attempt and conspiracy" under Title 21 U.S.C Section 846 was ranked 2 a year ago, while it was ranked 2 five years ago.
Ranked 3rd was "Fraud by wire, radio, or television" under Title 18 U.S.C Section 1343. "Fraud by wire, radio, or television" under Title 18 U.S.C Section 1343 was ranked 4 a year ago, while it was ranked 5 five years ago.
Among these top ten lead charges, the one showing the greatest increase in convictions — up 68.7 percent — compared to one year ago was Title 18 U.S.C Section 2250 that involves " Fail to register as sex offender after traveling interstate commerce ". Compared to five years ago, the largest increase — 271.2 percent — was registered for convictions under "Other US Code Section " (Title U.S.C Section ).
Again among the top ten lead charges, the one showing the sharpest decline in convictions compared to one year ago — down 13 percent — was " Bank robbery and incidental crimes " (Title 18 U.S.C Section 2113 ). This was the same statute that had the largest decrease — 23 % — when compared with five years ago.
Top Ranked Judicial Districts
In July 2025 the Justice Department's case-by-case records show that the government obtained 360.8 convictions for every ten million people in the United States.
Understandably, there is great variation in the per capita number of convictions in each of the nation's ninety-four federal judicial districts.
The districts registering the largest number of convictions per capita for these matters last month are shown in Table 3. Districts must have at least 5 convictions to receive a ranking.
Judicial District Percapita Count Rank 1yr ago 5yrs ago W Virg, S 1,991 14 1 64 76 More Okla, E 1,932 12 2 22 84 More Okla, W 1,799 33 3 51 22 More Montana 1,589 15 4 17 12 More N Mexico 1,589 28 4 8 11 More Ill, S 1,582 16 6 63 67 More S Dakota 1,457 11 7 37 40 More N Dakota 1,378 9 8 56 62 More Ark, W 1,182 14 9 90 49 More Vermont 1,112 6 10 84 62 More Table 3. Top 10 Districts (per ten million people)
The Southern District of West Virginia (Charleston) — with 1991 convictions as compared with 360.8 convictions per ten million population in the United States — was the most active during July 2025.
The Eastern District of Oklahoma (Muskogee) ranked 2nd.
Western District of Oklahoma (Oklahoma City) is now ranking 3rd.
Recent entrants to the top 10 list were Montana , now ranked 4th , and Eastern District of Oklahoma (Muskogee) at 2nd In the same order, these districts ranked 17th and 22nd one year ago and 12th and 84th five years ago.
The federal judicial district which showed the greatest growth in the rate of convictions compared to one year ago — 550 percent — was Western District of Arkansas (Fort Smith). Compared to five years ago, the district with the largest growth — 1180 percent — was Eastern District of Oklahoma (Muskogee).
In the last year, the judicial District Court recording the largest drop in the rate of convictions — 41.4 percent — was New Mexico . This was the same district that had the largest increase — 14.5 percent — when compared with five years ago.
Top Ranked District Judges
At any one time, there are about 680 federal District Court judges working in the United States. The judges recorded with the largest number of new crime cases resulting in convictions of this type during July 2025 are shown in Table 4.
Judge Count Rank Palk, Scott Lawrence Okla, W 18 1 More Horan, Marilyn Jean Penn, W 15 2 More Hickey, Susan Owens Ark, W 14 3 More Nielson, Howard Curtis, Jr. Utah 12 4 More Mannion, Malachy E. Penn, M 11 5 More Rice, Thomas Owen Wash, E 11 5 More Barber, Thomas Patrick Fla, M 8 7 More White, Ronald A. Okla, E 8 7 More Carreņo-Coll, Silvia Luisa Puer Rico 7 9 More Bough, Stephen Rogers Mo, W 6 10 More Morris, Brian Matthew Montana 6 10 More Riggs, Kea Whetzal N Mexico 6 10 More Karas, Kenneth M. N. Y., S 6 10 More Table 4. Top Ten Judges
A total of 5 out of the "top ten" judges were in districts which were in the top ten with the largest number of convictions per capita, while the remaining 8 judges were from other districts. (Because of ties, there were a total of 13 judges in the "top ten" rankings.)
Judge Scott Lawrence Palk in the Western District of Oklahoma (Oklahoma City) ranked 1st with 18 convicted in convictions.
Judge Marilyn Jean Horan in the Western District of Pennsylvania (Pittsburgh) ranked 2nd with 15 convicted in convictions.
Judge Susan Owens Hickey in the Western District of Arkansas (Fort Smith) ranked 3rd with 14 convicted in convictions.
Report Generated: September 25, 2025
