As of December 2025, the Immigration Court system has 3.38 million active cases pending. This backlog represents the total number of deportation and other proceedings currently working through the court system.

The latest case-by-case Immigration Court records show that in the first three months of fiscal year 2026 through December 2025, immigration courts received 130,642 new cases and completed 193,858 cases. The court is currently closing cases at a higher rate than new cases being filed, though the overall backlog remains substantial.

Asylum Case Volume

Of the 3.38 million pending cases, 2.34 million involve immigrants who have filed formal asylum applications and are awaiting hearings or decisions. These applications represent a significant portion of the court's current workload.

Geographic Distribution

Case concentration varies considerably by location. Miami-Dade County, Florida has 147,232 pending cases, Cook County, Illinois has 112,299, and Queens County, New York has 105,635. These counties represent the areas with the highest volume of immigration court activity.

Case Outcomes

In December 2025, immigration judges completed 57,531 cases, issuing 38,215 removal orders and 7,359 voluntary departure orders, for a combined deportation rate of 79.2%. Relief was granted in 1,455 cases that month, with asylum accounting for 701 of those grants.

Legal Representation

In December 2025, only 26.7% of immigrants had attorney representation when removal orders were issued. Legal representation rates vary significantly based on case type and geographic location.

Nationality Breakdown

Through December 2025 in the first three months of fiscal year 2026, deportation orders were issued for 33,830 Mexican nationals, 19,169 Guatemalan nationals, 18,746 Honduran nationals, 14,679 Venezuelan nationals, and 9,328 Colombian nationals.

Bond Hearings

Immigration judges conducted 15,540 bond hearings through December 2025 in fiscal year 2026, granting bond in 4,062 cases. For additional information, see TRAC's Quick Facts. For a complete list of available immigration tools go here.

For additional information see TRAC's Quick Facts. For a complete list of available immigration tools go here.